Map of Brazil

Brazil, also known as the Federal Republic of Brazil, is the largest country in both South America and Latin American. It is the world's fifth largest country, both by geographical area and by population.
Bounded by the Atlantic Ocean on the east, Brazil has a coastline of 7,491 km or 4,655 miles. It is bordered on

1. the north by Venezuela, Guyana, Suriname and the French overseas region of French Guiana;
2. on the northwest by Colombia;
3. on the west by Bolivia and Peru;
4. on the southwest by Argentina and
5. on the south by Paraguay.

The terrain around Rio de Janeiro, Brazil is characterized by a combination of coastal mountains, hills, and lowlands. Here are some key characteristics:

1. Coastal mountains: Rio de Janeiro is located along the eastern coast of Brazil, and the city is surrounded by a series of coastal mountains that rise up from the shoreline. These mountains are part of the Serra do Mar range, which runs along the coast of southeastern Brazil. The mountains are covered in lush vegetation and are home to a variety of plant and animal species.
2. Hills and lowlands: In addition to the coastal mountains, the terrain around Rio de Janeiro also includes a number of hills and lowlands. The hills are generally located closer to the coast, while the lowlands are further inland. The hills and lowlands are covered in a mix of vegetation, including forests, grasslands, and wetlands.
3. Beaches: Rio de Janeiro is also known for its beautiful beaches, which line the coastline of the city. The beaches are popular with tourists and locals alike, and are known for their white sand, clear water, and picturesque scenery.
4. Urban areas: The terrain around Rio de Janeiro is also home to a number of urban areas, including the city of Rio de Janeiro itself and a number of smaller towns and cities. The urban areas are generally located in the lowlands and along the coast, and are home to a diverse population of people and cultures.

Brazil was inhabited by numerous tribal nations prior to the landing of explorer Pedro Alvares Cabral in 1500, who claimed the area for Portugal. Brazil remained a Portuguese colony until 1808, when the capital of the empire was transferred from Lisbon to Rio de Janeiro after French forces led by Emperor Napoleon Bonaparte invaded Portugal.
In 1815, it was elevated to the rank of kingdom upon the formation of the United Kingdom of Portugal, Brazil and the Algarves. Its independence was achieved in 1822 with the creation of the Empire of Brazil, a unitary state governed under a constitutional monarchy and a parliamentary system. Brazil's current Constitution, formulated in 1988, defines it as a federal republic.
The Federation is composed of the union of the Federal District, the 26 states, and the 5,564 municipalities.